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These small clay objects were modeled in many shapes – cones, spheres, disks, cylinders or tetrahedrons – each representing specific kinds of goods. Cylinders represented animals, and cones and spheres stood, respectively, for a small and a large measure of grain. The tokens established concrete counting representations of finished products and led to abstract counting (in relation to numbers); and to the invention of writing, a Middle Eastern legacy. These led to the establishment of trading and reflect the inspiration for Middle East Trading Company…
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